(1)完成式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。例如：
I apologize for having broken my promise. 我没有遵守诺言，我道歉。
I don’t remember having talked with him before. 我不记得以前曾和他谈过话。
恨不相逢未嫁时。 → I regret not having met you before my marriage/before I got married.
(2)当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的对象或承受者时，动名词要用被动语态。例如：
I could no longer stand being treated like that. 我再也不能忍受被那样对待。
She was proud of having been trained in the U.K. 在英国受过训，她感到自豪。
他不喜欢嘲笑别人。 →He doesn’t like laughing at others.
他不喜欢被人嘲笑。→He doesn’t like being laughed at.
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