那首先我们要了解什么样的题目是例证题。因为作者在文章中论述观点的时候,肯定会列举大量的例子来论证自己的观点,例证题就是来考察文章中的某个例子证明了什么观点的题型。例证题最常见的问法就是:(某事例)is used to show______?
那这类题目应该如何解呢?我们可以思考一下,举事例前一般是不是都先说一个观点,再说for example,……?所以问我们文章中一个事例证明了什么观点时,我们其实大可不必花时间去读该事例,而是可以直接定位到例子前面,去例子前面找观点,因为举这个事例肯定是为了证明前面的观点的。掌握这一技巧后,我们便可以快准狠地解决例证题里,不信我们来看一道2017年的试题。
Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on blank express and not giving then any visual social feedback. The child becomes increasingly distressed as he tries to capture her mother's attention. “Parents don't have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.(2017年英语二text2)
28.Radesky cites the “still face experiment” to show that _________.
[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions
[B] parents need to respond to children's emotional needs
[C] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange
[D] children are insensitive to changes in their parents' mood
解析:根据该题题干信息中的“cites 事例 to show that___”,可以判断该题很可能是一个例证题。我们根据事例“still face experiment”定位到该段第二句话,那么从第二句话开始,后面就是在具体叙述这个事例了。利用我们刚才谈到的技巧,我们可以利用第一句话的观点直接解题。第一句的主干是:婴儿生来就靠观察父母的面孔理解世界,如果这些面孔毫无表情也无任何反应,这会让孩子们感到非常不安。理解了这句话其实我们就可以直接选出与之一致的B选项了:父母需要回应孩子的情感需求。
其实阅读事例及后面的内容理解了也能解出此题,但例子通常比较长,并且错误选项经常是以例子中的细节信息作干扰,所以读例子的话比较耗费时间且容易选错。这就不如我们直接去例子前面找观点快捷高效了。
以上是对付例证题的一个快准狠的解题技巧,你掌握了吗?
考研不是一个人的战斗,在漫漫考研路上,中公考研一直伴你左右,帮你排忧解难。祝同学们考研成功,金榜题名!